Navigating the Future of Automated Content Creation with Generative AI
Generative AI Insight Report Bryant Research
Steven Bryant
Bryant Research
Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a powerful technology that has the potential to transform the way businesses operate. It is the foundation upon which tools like Open AI’s chatGPT and Microsoft’s Bing chat are built. This report provides an overview of the three categories of generative AI, including chat generation with GPT, image generation with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), and reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF). It also addresses the limitations and ethical considerations of generative AI, as well as the importance of addressing the business risks associated with their use in the workplace.
The report highlights the benefits of using generative AI, including increased efficiency, reduced costs, and improved customer experience. It also discusses the limitations and ethical considerations of generative AI, such as potential bias and misuse. To ensure the responsible and ethical use of generative AI, businesses must take steps to monitor and audit the data used to train models, develop mechanisms for human oversight, and develop clear guidelines for the ethical use of generative AI.
Overall, generative AI has the potential to revolutionize the way businesses operate, but it is important to approach this technology with caution. By adopting clear policies and guidelines for the use of generative AI, businesses can reap the benefits of this powerful technology while minimizing the risks.
An Astonishing Regularity in Student Learning Rate
An Astonishing Regularity in Student Learning Rate
Kenneth R. Koedinger, Paulo F. Carvalho, Ran Liu, Elizabeth A. McLaughlin
Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
Leveraging a scientific infrastructure for exploring how students learn, we have developed cognitive and statistical models of skill acquisition and used them to understand fundamental similarities and differences across learners. Our primary question was why do some students learn faster than others? Or do they?
Prior research, often using self-report data, hypothesizes that the path to expertise requires extensive practice and that different learners acquire competence at different rates. Fitting cognitive and statistical growth models to 27 datasets involving observations of learning and performance in academic settings, we find evidence for the first hypothesis and against the second. Students do need extensive practice, about 7 opportunities per component of knowledge. Students do not show substantial differences in their rate of learning.
These results provide a challenge for learning theory to explain this striking similarity in student learning rate. They also suggest that educational achievement gaps come from differences in learning opportunities and that better access to such opportunities can help close those gaps.
Simulating the restoration of normal gene expression from different thyroid cancer stages using deep learning
Simulating the restoration of normal gene expression from different thyroid cancer stages using deep learning
Nicole M. Nelligan, M. Reed Bender & F. Alex Feltus
Background
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine malignancy and incidence is increasing. There is an urgent need to better understand the molecular differences between THCA tumors at different pathologic stages so appropriate diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment strategies can be applied. Transcriptome State Perturbation Generator (TSPG) is a tool created to identify the changes in gene expression necessary to transform the transcriptional state of a source sample to mimic that of a target.
Methods
We used TSPG to perturb the bulk RNA expression data from various THCA tumor samples at progressive stages towards the transcriptional pattern of normal thyroid tissue. The perturbations produced were analyzed to determine if there are consistently up-or-down-regulated genes or functions in certain stages of tumors.
Results
Some genes of particular interest were investigated further in previous research. SLC6A15 was found to be down-regulated in all stage 1–3 samples. This gene has previously been identified as a tumor suppressor. The up-regulation of PLA2G12B in all samples was notable because the protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PLA2 superfamily, which is involved in metabolism, a major function of the thyroid gland. REN was up-regulated in all stage 3 and 4 samples. The enzyme renin encoded by this gene, has a role in the renin-angiotensin system; this system regulates angiogenesis and may have a role in cancer development and progression. This is supported by the consistent up-regulation of REN only in later stage tumor samples. Functional enrichment analysis showed that olfactory receptor activities and similar terms were enriched for the up-regulated genes which supports previous research concluding that abundance and stimulation of olfactory receptors is linked to cancer.
Conclusions
TSPG can be a useful tool in exploring large gene expression datasets and extracting the meaningful differences between distinct classes of data. We identified genes that were characteristically perturbed in certain sample types, including only late-stage THCA tumors. Additionally, we provided evidence for potential transcriptional signatures of each stage of thyroid cancer. These are potentially relevant targets for future investigation into THCA tumorigenesis.
Discovery of eQTL Alleles Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case–Control Study
Simulating the restoration of normal gene expression from different thyroid cancer stages using deep learning
Allison R. Hickman, Bradley Selee, Rini Pauly, Benafsh Husain, Yuqing Hang & Frank Alex Feltus
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by challenges in social communication as well as repetitive or restrictive behaviors. Many genetic associations with ASD have been identified, but most associations occur in a fraction of the ASD population. Here, we searched for eQTL-associated DNA variants with significantly different allele distributions between ASD-affected and control.
Thirty significant DNA variants associated with 174 tissue-specific eQTLs from ASD individuals in the SPARK project were identified. Several significant variants fell within brain-specific regulatory regions or had been associated with a significant change in gene expression in the brain. These eQTLs are a new class of biomarkers that could control the myriad of brain and non-brain phenotypic traits seen in ASD-affected individuals.
